Metal composite materials have high coordination in performance and have advantages that traditional metal materials are difficult to have. Metal composite materials are widely used in the mechanical manufacturing process due to their high strength and low quality. Today's metal composite materials can be divided into functional and structural materials. The former has excellent wear resistance and high temperature resistance, and is widely used in the manufacture of parts in mechanical engineering, which is conducive to increasing the life of mechanical parts and ensuring the quality of workpieces. The latter has been well used in the manufacture of machinery and equipment due to its advantages of small quality and high strength, which is very effective in reducing the weight of machinery and equipment, and greatly improves the work efficiency of the machinery manufacturing industry. With the increasing demand of current mechanical equipment manufacturing, metal composite structural materials are widely used in the mechanical manufacturing process due to their performance advantages, and replace traditional metal materials.
1. Application of composite structural materials in mechanical manufacturing
Compared with traditional materials, metal composite materials have obvious advantages. The weight of the metal composite material is lighter than that of the traditional steel material, and its resistance is also slightly better. In addition, the properties of metal composites are also more suitable for mechanical manufacturing. At this stage, metal composite materials have relatively higher performance. The common metal composite materials at this stage are roughly divided into the following four types.
(1) Stainless steel clad steel plate
The stainless steel plate composed of alloying elements determines the performance difference of the stainless steel plate. These elements contribute to the strong chemical corrosion resistance and electrochemical corrosion resistance of stainless steel in metal materials, which is conducive to ensuring that the atomic bonding rate of different materials reaches 100%. At the same time, it has good thermal conductivity and is suitable for coking equipment. It is beneficial to reduce operating costs and increase the service life of machinery.
(2) Metal pellet plastic composite structural material
The metal particle-plastic composite structure material can effectively improve the electrical and thermal conductivity that traditional metals lack, and can greatly reduce the coefficient of linear expansion.
(3) Carbon fiber graphite fiber composite structural materials
This composite structural material has high stiffness, strength-to-weight ratio, and specific stiffness, good lubricity and wear resistance, small coefficient of linear expansion, and high friction resistance. It is widely used in high-tech machinery manufacturing technology.
(4) Dispersion reinforced composite structural materials
Dispersion reinforced composite structural materials are beneficial to improve the heat resistance and strength value of mechanical equipment. Dispersion reinforced composite structural materials are widely used in mechanical manufacturing with good heat resistance [3].
2. Application of composite materials in stamping die manufacturing
Due to differences in working conditions, stamping dies have different requirements for materials. These die materials can be roughly divided into the requirements of three types of materials: blanking die materials, cold extrusion die materials, and drawing die materials. In mold manufacturing, the demand for raw materials is relatively high, and it must meet the requirements of being able to withstand huge loads such as shock, vibration, stretching, and frictional stretching, and be able to work under high temperature materials. At present, most of the steel is used as the main material for manufacturing stamping dies, and carbon tool steel is widely used in the mechanical manufacturing of dies due to its high cost performance and low processing and shaping difficulty. However, due to its low bearing capacity, it is difficult to apply to the manufacture of mechanical parts with high hardness and low plasticity. The good performance of the metal composite material can effectively avoid the strong friction and impact of the parts in the working process.
3. Application of composite materials in mechanical manufacturing
The study of metal matrix composites is one of the important contents in the field of contemporary new material technology. The metal composite material itself has many excellent properties, but there are also some limiting factors. Compared with ordinary materials, the outstanding advantages are still low thermal expansion coefficient and high fatigue limit. In the process of machinery manufacturing, if you want to determine the raw materials, you need to choose according to the working environment and requirements of the mechanical parts. It is necessary to avoid the problem of failure of the parts during the working process, and to ensure the extension of the service life of the machinery. Compared with traditional materials, metal materials have better comprehensive mechanical properties, and also have the characteristics of electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, wear resistance, and good damping. And its expansion coefficient is almost zero. At this stage, the superiority of the performance of metal composite materials and the wide range of applications are increasingly prominent. The application of metal composite materials in modern machinery and equipment is conducive to the rational integration of resources and responds to the policy guidelines of energy conservation and emission reduction. Metal composite materials are relatively easy to popularize, easy to use and manufacture due to their advantages of easy modeling, light weight, etc. Its excellent performance can adapt to the harsh environment in mechanical manufacturing work, and has a high anti-corrosion effect. The use and promotion in machinery manufacturing are deeply loved. Metal composites have been repaired due to their low cost. It can effectively avoid the wear and scrap rate of mechanical parts, which is conducive to driving the development of emerging industries and forming new economic growth points.